Most lenses with a focal length of more than 200mm are commonly used for shooting sports and wildlife. A long telephoto lens -- in conjunction with a large aperture -- also has the side-effect of producing an exceptionally smooth background blur.
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In Photography we never talk about 3X or 4X magnification and it's a telephoto not a telescopic lens. A lens with a given focal length on a given camera gives a certain view which may be:
"normal" = approximately the same perception as the human eye
"telephoto" = reaches out and just selects a part of the scene compared with a normal lens.
"wideangle" = crams more into the image than a normal view
18mm = moderate wide-angle, useful for buildings & landscapes
28mm = normal, useful for groups and general photography
55mm = moderate telephoto, useful for doing a waist-upwards portrait of a single person sitting 2 metres away
If you add a 70-300mm zoom then you add the following focal lengths and all the others in between:
70mm = telephoto, useful for head and shoulders portait
135mm = long telephoto, tight head shot
200mm and upwards = extreme telephoto, useful for wildlife, sports, etc.
If you take 300mm and divide by 70mm you get about 4.3X. This isn't a "magnification" factor tho. It only means that at 300mm you are shooting at a focal length that is 4.3 times longer than the shortest focal length (70mm) of that lens.
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The related link below tells you how to calculate magnification for lenses used in a variety of ways (microscopes, telescopes etc.).
A 300mm lens is a telephoto lens, which will magnify the subject. It used to be that a 300mm lens was actually 300mm long, but with the use of compound lenses, they can be shorter, but have a "virtual" length of 300mm.
On a 35mm camera, about 50mm is the "natural" lens size -- most cameras come with a 50mm lens. You can divide 300mm by 50mm to find out how much it magnifies from the "natural" position. 300/50 = 6, so it will magnify 6 times.
It is less than a foot. 200 millimeters = 7.87 inches.
The shortest zoom that would be really useful for wildlife photography is a 300 mm, but a good lens to start off with is a 75 to 300 mm zoom, or a 100 to 300 mm zoom. Probably, the best lens to go with would be a 400 mm f5.6 lens for wildlife photography, because more than likely, a 300 will be too short. You should also buy a good, sturdy tripod. Make sure it's not too heavy for you to carry around.
2.4 mm All kidding aside: the 3.5mm lens has a wider angle than the 6mm one. This means that in a picture, you will see a larger area with the 3.5mm lens, but with the 6mm lens you'd see more (sharper) detail.
Any lens (other than those used exclusively for close up work) can focus on infinity, which is simply put, is the distant horizon. Whether or not you can make out the small detail is another matter.
Yes! Manual focussing is easy and that is a great lens.