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A histogram is a display of statistical information that uses rectangles to show the frequency of data items in a successive numerical intervals of equal size. In most histograms the independent variable is plotted along the horizontal axis and the dependant variable is plotted along the vertical axis. The data appears as colored or shaded rectangles of variable area . Some histograms are presented with the independent variable in the vertical axis and the dependent variable in the horizontal axis.

In Photography

Histograms are used to indicate the range of gray tones from absolute black to absolute white that are captured in a photograph. The tone axis typically runs horizontally from left to right. The number of tones indicated can vary. Absolute black is at one end and absolute white is at the other end. The tone in the middle will be what is called "Middle Gray" in photographic terms.

The height of the bars indicates the amount of each tone that appears in the scene photographed. A very contrasty photo would have a histogram that looks like a valley between two very high peaks on either end. The bars on the White end and the bars on the black end would be very tall and the bars in the middle would be very low. A good goal would be to have a relatively good distribution of tones across the range from black through middle gray to white. It does not need to show a flat profile - in fact it shouldn't.

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6y ago
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10y ago

A diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.

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Q: What is a histogram?
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