2 and 3 are the first two prime numbers. The difference between them is 1
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The first two prime numbers are 2 and 3. The difference between them is calculated by subtracting the smaller Prime number (2) from the larger prime number (3). Therefore, the difference between the first two prime numbers is 3 - 2 = 1.
The difference between the first two number is that that they is an even prime number
Any prime numbers greater than 2 will be odd numbers. The difference between two odd numbers will be an even number. So, the difference between two prime (and odd) numbers could be 2, 4, or 6, of the numbers given. The difference could not be 3, 5, or 7.
The maximum difference is 8, between 89 and 97.
43 and 17.
There are many cases of prime numbers with a difference of 8, for example (3, 11), and (101, 109). Look at a list of prime numbers, and you will quickly find more examples. If you mean, without other prime numbers in between, I believe the first such pair is (89, 97). I am pretty sure you will find more - just look at a table of prime numbers.
The difference between prime and composite numbers is simple. Prime numbers have only two factors, 1 and itself. Composite numbers are divisible by more than two numbers