That depends on what language you're using. In PHP for example, it would be like this:
$c = chr($i);
In C, it would be:
char c = (char)i;
in BASIC, you'd use:
LET C$ = CHR$(I)
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You have to look up that character's ASCII code number. The double dots are called an umlaut if memory serves. Then you use that ASCII code number to enter the character. Exactly HOW you do that I'm a bit fuzzy on. Google "special ASCII characters" and se what that brings up !
The binary code 10101010 represents the decimal number 170. In binary code, each digit is a power of 2, starting from the right with 2^0. Therefore, the binary digit 1 in the rightmost position represents 2^0, which is 1. Adding up the values of each digit in the binary code 10101010 gives 128 + 32 + 8 + 2 = 170 in decimal form.
0000
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A 4 BCD code is a 4 decimal-digit BCD code, thus a 16 digit binary-code. You take the decimal number 3545. It's BCD code is 0011 0101 0100 0101 where every 4 bits represent a decimal digit.