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With great difficulty. The easy bit was shillings: there were 20 shillings in a pound and 100 decimal pennies. At the time of their introduction, the latter were called New Pence (NP) and I will stick to that notation.So 1 shilling = 0.05 pounds = 5 NP.


The problem came with converting 12 [old] pennies in a shilling to 5 NP. A saving grace was that there was still a 1/2 New Penny coin

Formally, that was done though rounding:

1p = 0.41666... NP

2p = 0.83333... NP

3p = 0.1.25 NP

4p = 0.16666... NP

5p = 2.08333... NP

6p = 2.5 NP

7p = 2.91666... NP

8p = 3.33333... NP

9p = 3.75 NP

10p = 4.1666... NP

11p = 4.5833... NP

12p = 5.0 NP


Conversion tables were published but I am sure that many people were ripped off before the transition settled down.

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Q: How do you convert shillings and pence into decimal?
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How do you do British pre-decimal math?

All school kids got used to it very quickly. The maths of predecimal currencies was another reason for the conversion to a decimal based currency system. There were 12 Pennies in a Shilling, and 20 Shilling in a Pound. That is what you need to remember. Add these two predecimal values - £3/15/6 - 3 Pounds, 15 Shillings and 6 Pence. £2/ 7/ 8 - 2 Pounds, 7 Shillings and 8 Pence. Add the pennies first. 8 Pence + 6 Pence = 14 Pence. 14 Pence = 1 Shilling and 2 Pence. Put down the 2 Pence and carry the 1 Shilling. £ / / 2 Next, add the Shillings starting with the carried over 1 Shilling from the Pence addition. 1 Shilling + 7 Shillings + 15 Shillings = 23 Shillings. 23 Shillings = 1 Pound and 3 Shillings. Put down the 3 Shillings and carry the 1 Pound. £ / 3/ 2 Finally, add the Pounds starting with the carried over 1 Pound from the Shillings addition. 1 Pound + 2 Pound + 3 Pound = 6 Pounds. £6/ 3/ 2 - Total = 6 Pounds, 3 Shillings and 2 Pence. Easy. This was mental arithmetic for shopkeepers and other business people in predecimal days.


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