Yes, if all of the whole numbers are positive ones.
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No. But all whole numbers are in the set of rational numbers. Natural numbers (ℕ) are a subset of Integers (ℤ), which are a subset of Rational numbers (ℚ), which are a subset of Real numbers (ℝ),which is a subset of the Complex numbers (ℂ).
There is some disagreement whether the set of natural numbers includes zero. Other than that, they are the same as whole numbers.
56 is a rational whole natural number. Or to put it another way: 56 is a Natural number, but as all natural numbers are also whole numbers 56 is also a whole number, but as all whole numbers are also rational numbers 56 is also a rational number. Natural numbers are a [proper] subset of whole numbers; Whole numbers are a [proper] subset of rational numbers. The set of rational numbers along with the set of irrational numbers make up the set of real numbers
The number of subsets of any set must be a whole number.
Integers and whole numbers are the same thing. The sets are identical.