They are called like fractions.
In order to add or subtract fractions you will usually need to convert them to like fractions. Then you simply add or subtract the numerators (as required) to form the numerator of the answer. The same (or common) denominator is the denominator of the answer. You may need to simplify the resulting fraction.
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That's an improper fraction.
Proper fraction - A proper fraction is a fraction where the numerator (the top number) is less that the denominator (the bottom number). Proportion - An equation stating that two ratios are equivalent is called a proportion.
An improper fraction has a numerator greater than the denominator. When the numerator and denominator are equal, that's called "1."
Multiply the numerator of the fraction by the same amount that you multiply the denominator of that fraction.
If both the numerator AND denominator are the same... the fraction is an equivalent for the number 1