12 is a composite number. Its factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
4 is also a composite number. Its factors are 1, 2, and 4.
Any number that has factors in addition to 1 and itself is a composite number.
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119 is one example.
Not always as for example 20+9 = 29 which is a prime number
24 is composite because it can factored or split up as 24 = 3 * 8 for example. Prime numbers, such as 23, can not be split into factors.