Expressing each number as the product of prime numbers can help in taking out common factor.
Prime factorization of 90 = 2x3x3x5 = 21x32x51
Prime factorization of 216 = 2x2x2x3x3x3 = 23x33
It is clear that 2x3x3 or 21x32 is common in P.F. of both numbers.
So, the highest common factor is 2x3x3 = 18.
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90 = 2 x 3 x 3x 5 while 216 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 3
The factors common to both numbers are 2 x 3 x 3 = 18
So the HCF is 18