The Italian mathematician, Gerolamo Cardano was the first to consider the concept of complex numbers. However, he did not develop a theory of complex numbers to any extent. That was left to Rafael Bombelli.
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Complex math covers how to do operations on complex numbers. Complex numbers include real numbers, imaginary numbers, and the combination of real+imaginary numbers.
The complex numbers are a field.
All of them. Real numbers are a subset of complex numbers.
Gerolamo Cardano is an Italian mathematician who introduced complex numbers. Complex numbers are those that can be expressed in the form of a+bi where a and b represent real numbers.
The 16th century Italian mathematician, Gerolamo Cardano was the first to use imaginary and complex numbers in his work on cubic equations.