Arrange the values in increasing order. If the number of observations n is odd, the median is n/2+1 st value. n/2 is integer division (ignore the fraction). If there are 5 observations, the median is 5/2+1 = the third observation. If the number of observations is even, median = [ x(n/2)+x(n/2+1)] /2, the average of the two middle values. If there are 10 observations, 10/2 +(10/2+1), the average of the fifth and the sixth observation. The median is such that 50 % of the cases lie below it and 50 % above.
advantages of data manipulation language:1.the DML statements can modify the data stored in a database.2.user can specify what data is needed.3.dml tends to have many different flavours and capabilities between database vendors.4.it provides efficient human interaction with the system.disadvantages of data manipulation language:1.dml cannot be used to change the database structure.2.tables or columns cannot be created or deleted using dml.
Flow Control:is one important design issue for the Data Link Layer that controls the flow of data between sender and receiver.In Communication, there is communication medium between sender and receiver. When Sender sends data to receiver than there can be problem in below case :1) Sender sends data at higher rate and receive is too sluggish to support that data rate.To solve the above problem, FLOW CONTROL is introduced in Data Link Layer. It also works on several higher layers. The main concept of Flow Control is to introduce EFFICIENCY in Computer Networks.Error Control:Network is responsible for transmission of data from one device to another device. The end to end transfer of data from a transmitting application to a receiving application involves many steps, each subject to error. With the error control process, we can be confident that the transmitted and received data are identical. Data can be corrupted during transmission. For reliable communication, error must be detected and corrected.Error control is the process of detecting and correcting both the bit level and packet level errors.Types of ErrorsSingle Bit ErrorThe term single bit error means that only one bit of the data unit was changed from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.Burst ErrorIn term burst error means that two or more bits in the data unit were changed. Burst error is also called packet level error, where errors like packet loss, duplication, reordering. BY RAHUL SAGORE from IIPS, INDORE
OOP stands for object oriented programming. Some characteristics of it include emphasis on data rather than procedure, programs are divided into entities known as objects, and data Structures are designed such that they characterize objects.
Denormalized designs, by contrast, do contain duplicate data. If denormalized designs are created by merging two or more tables together into a single table, the resulting duplicate data creates insert, update, and delete problems.
There are 7 steps in the hypothetico-deductive process and they are: 1 - background reading and personal experience 2 - formation of a hypothesis 3 - devising the appropriate form of study to isolate the key variables 4 - collecting the data 5 - analysing the data 6 - confirming, modifying or rejecting the hypothesis 7 - theory formation or confirmation
*Ungrouped Data*Mode of ungrouped data:An observation occurring most frequently in the data is called mode of the data. It is denoted by Z.For Example:Find the median of the following observations4,6,8,6,7,8,8Sol:In the given data, the observation 8 occurs maximumnumber of times (3)\ Mode (Z) = 8
The ________________ of the ungrouped data is the value that most frequently appears in a set of data.
Mean and median are the measures of central location that always have one value. This is true for a set of grouped or ungrouped data.
You cannot "solve" ungrouped data since ungrouped data is not a question. You can calculate the mean or the variance, standard deviation or skewness, or a whole range of other measures for ungrouped data. But you have not specified what.
find median of n observation in c program
Ungrouped data is data that is not grouped in a specific order. Grouped data is a set of data that has unique characteristics in common.
Single data
1,5,50
sht happens
Nothing, they stealing yo data
If there are n observations, then, If n is odd then let m = (n+1)/2. The median is the mth value in the ordered set of observations. If n is even then let m = n/2. The median is the average of the mth and (m+1)th values in the ordered set of observations.
A frequency distribution of numerical data where the raw data is not grouped.