3x+x=4x. The 3x is just an easier way of stating x+x+x, and then you would just count the x's up like normal to create a total. You can also do this with larger numbers. For example, if you have 100x+500x, you would still add the numbers together to create a total of 600x. As long as the variables (x, in this case) are the same in the numbers you're adding (i.e., you can't add 3x+y together) you can just add the numbers to create your total.
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When you have 3x plus x, you are essentially combining like terms. In this case, you have 3x (which means 3 times x) and x (which is 1 times x). When you add these together, you get 4x, which is the same as saying 4 times x. So, 3x plus x equals 4x.
2x+x+5+3x-6=6x-1
3x = 7-5x 8x=7 x = 7/8 x = 0.875
If 15 + 3x = 42, then x = 9
5x + 4 = 3x - 2Subtract 4 from both sides:5x = 3x - 6Subtract 2x from both sides:2x = 6Divide both sides by 2:x = -3
3x + 7 = x + 13Subtract 7 from each side:3x = x + 6Subtract x from each side:2x = 6Divide each side by 2:x = 3