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Fe is oxidised. Oxidation can be identified in 3 main ways:

  • Loss of electrons
  • Gain in Oxygen
  • Loss of Hydrogen

In the above, elemental iron gains oxygen so it is oxidised. Some elements such as oxygen and hydrogen are taken to have a fixed oxidation state when in a compound. For Oxygen it is -2 and Hydrogen it is +1. An element by itself has no oxidation state, so it is taken to be 0. Using this you can calculate the oxidation state of the iron. Given that there are 3 oxygen ions in Fe2O3, so 3 x -2 = -6 oxidation state. Given that Fe2O3 is not charged a +6 charge is required to balance the -6. So this +6 is divided across the 2 iron ions to have +3 charge each. So the overall oxidation state change for iron is from 0 to +3.

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