The standard IPv4 (internet Protocol version 4) address currently in use almost everywhere is a 32-bit number split into 4 8-bit values displayed as decimal numbers separated by periods. It is often referred to as a "dotted quad" (as in 192.168.3.24). None of the values should have a leading zero as it may be interpreted as a hexadecimal number (as in 192.168.3.024 and hex 024 will be used as decimal 36). An IPv4 address is split into a network number (your home or company) and a host (each individual machine on your network). The addresses are assigned to classes where class A, B, and C represent different network host capacities. Class D and E are reserved
There is a newer standard IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6). An IPv6 address has 128 bits split into 8 groups of 16 bit values displayed as a hexadecimal numbers separated by colons (as in 3f45:1c65:05ab:babe:0000:0000:feed:0041). To simplify things, leading zeros can be removed (as in 3f45:1c65:5ab:babe:0:0:feed:41) and all zero entries can be removed altogether (as in 3f45:1c65:5ab:babe:::feed:41).
32 bits in a IPv4 address
a TcP IPv4 ip address has 32 bits.
32
IPv4 => 32 bits => 4 bytes
32 Bits 4 Octets with 1 Byte each(8 Bits)
32 bits. An IPv4 address looks like this: 192.168.1.1 Each number can only go from 0 to 255. That makes for 256 possible choices for each number. And 28=256, meaning that there can only be 8 bits per number. So, 8+8+8+8=32, which means that there are a total of 32 bits in an IPv4 address.
The subnet mask itself is an IP Address so it is also 32 bits
A Mac address (Media Access Control address) is 48 bits long, which is equivalent to 6 bytes.
Pv4 uses 32-bit (four-byte) addresses. which limits the address space to 4,294,967,296 (232) possible unique addresses. However, some are reserved for special purposes such as private networks (~18 million addresses) or multicast addresses (~270 million addresses). This reduces the number of addresses that can potentially be allocated for routing on the public Internet. As addresses are being incrementally delegated to end users, an IPv4 address shortage has been developing.
12
IPv4 has 32-bits classified into 4 bytes out of which each byte is divided into network or hosts. Thus, it can have any combination like 1 host, 3 networks or 2 host, 2networks etc.
The most important consideration is how many devices will be on the network / subnet.