A scale factor in a number that changes the size of a shape by that scale examples: 1: if you have a square that is 1cm by 1cm and you increaseit by a scale factor of 3 the square would then be 3cm by 3cm 2: if you had a 2cm by 2 cm square and increase by a scale factor of 0.5 you'd get a 1cm by 1 cm square
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the ratio of a length on a scale drawing or model to the corrisponding length on the real object