The correct term for the 'live' conductor is the 'line' conductor. The line conductor has a potential of 230 V (in UK) with respect to the neutral conductor which is at approximately the same potential as earth. This potential difference provides the 'driving force' for the current drawn by the load.
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Red - active, (commonly known as your live cable) Black - Neutral Green - Earth
white wires are neutral. green wires are ground wires.
If both wires are black then the one with the writing is the neutral wire. If the two wires are black and white then the white one is the neutral.
You need to look at the regulations that apply in your country. If in doubt, use a neutral wire of the same size as the live wire or wires.
There is no such thing as a 'neutral phase'. 'Live' or 'hot' conductors are called 'lines', whereas the neutralconductor is at approximately earth (ground) potential.So, a toaster would be connected between a line and a neutral conductor.