If there is nothing between the two leads of the meter then there is nothing "droping" the voltage.. the meter simply reads the difference in voltage between the two leads. Put the black lead to ground and the red where you want to determine voltage.. this will tell you how many volts are at that point.
A: ascertain the polarity of the ohmmeter leads as + - potential available then set the scale to kilo ohms and see if the reading is hi [ is the + lead is + then that imply that the diode is + to the cathode] therefore is not conducting. reverse the diode and the reading should be low implying anode is positive and the diode is conducting
It shouldn't. The open end of a non connected neutral should have the same potential as the voltage feeding the circuit. The only time a voltage will show is when the return neutral is tested with a meter to the neutral bar or the ground return bar. It will then show what the supply voltage to the connected load is. Once this neutral is connected to the neutral bar there will be no voltage shown across the test meter between the neutral and the neutral bar or the ground bar.
Measure the ground resistance from the user end point, where earth or ground cable is connected. It will show a very high resistance or open if ground is broken.
Put an ohm meter across the coil and read the resistance. Usually they are quite high depending on the voltage and the size. If you can compare with an known good one then you can know what to expect give or take say 15%. If there is no reading it is open circuited and if it is very low then it has a short within it. Some times the smell will show a short.
In order to connect four 2 microfarad capacitors such that the total capacitance is still 2 microfarads, connect two pairs of capacitors in series, and then connect the pairs in parallel. It does not matter, since all four capacitors are equal in value, if the center point is connected together or not.