In a tensile test, a specimen of material is pulled apart slowly until it breaks. Measurement is continuously taken of the increase in length and the force applied. The increase in length is normalized by dividing it by the original length, and the force is converted to stress by dividing it by the original cross-section area of the specimen. The results are plotted on a graph, called a stress-strain curve, with the stress on the Y axis and the strain on the X axis. The initial part of the curve is usually linear. That linear section is called the elastic region. The slope of the line in that area, which is stress divided by strain in the elastic region, is the elastic modulus.
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Elastic properties are what determines how much a material will compress under a certain amount of pressure. The change ratio is called the bulk modulus.
The elastic modulus, also called Young's modulus, is identical to the tensile modulus. It relates stress to strain when loaded in tension.
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Yes, indeed. Sometimes tensile modulus is different from flexural modulus, especially for composites. But tensile modulus and elastic modulus and Young's modulus are equivalent terms.
1. Young's modulus of elasticity, E, also called elastic modulus in tension 2. Flexural modulus, usually the same as the elastic modulus for uniform isotropic materials 3. Shear modulus, also known as modulus of rigidity, G ; G = E/2/(1 + u) for isotropic materials, where u = poisson ratio 4. Dynamic modulus 5. Storage modulus 6. Bulk modulus The first three are most commonly used; the last three are for more specialized use
This is known as the Modulus of Elastisity, or Youngs Modulus (in tension/compression) and will be a constant as long as the deformation is in the elastic range.