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Non-canonical data is that which has not been put into some standard or agreed or canonical form for the sake of efficiency or security or some other purpose.

Here is a kind of non-canonical data that occurs in clinical trials results. Physicians participating on trials often record offering patients acetylsalycylic acid but they record this in various ways:

ASA

A.S.A.

A.s.a.

aspirin

Aspirin

acetylsalycylic acid

Statisticial analysis of data is almost always easier if these variants can all be mapped to one that appears in the pharmacopoeia for the country whose laws are governing the trial. The original data would usually be left on the trial's database but they would be made available for subsequent processing in canonical form. Perhaps all of these data values would be recoded as 'aspirin'.

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Q: What is non canonical data?
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