The sine wave is the curve that naturally occurs when the restoring force is proportional to the displacement. The math is a little complicated (the sine wave in this case is the solution of the corresponding differential equation), but the point is, this relationship between the force and the displacement is a fairly common situation.
Complex frequency is utilized in electric circuits in order to simplify the math, essentially. It is very similar to the use of phasors, except complex frequency can cover all types of inputs, not just sinusoids.
A(t) = Am sin(ωt ± Φ) representing the sinusoid in the time-domain form. But when presented mathematically in this way it is sometimes difficult to visualise this angular or phase difference between two or more sinusoidal waveforms so sinusoids can also be represented graphically in the spacial or phasor-domain form by aPhasor Diagram, and this is achieved by using the rotating vector method.Ansh
If you're going to use a function generator, presumably you'll be natural sampling a sinusoid for SPWM. In order to generate unipolar spwm, you'll need two sinusoids that are 180 degrees apart. So take the output of your sinusoid into two unity gain buffers, one inverting and one non-inverting. This will also allow you to set your reference for the sinusoids as compared to the (ONLY ONE!) sampling waveform, which can either be a triangle or a sawtooth. A sawtooth can easily be generated using a single comparator, by the way. One side of the bridge driven from the buffered sample ouptut and the other from the inverted and buffered sample output. It is my understanding that unipolar spwm has the advantage of higher order harmonics, as compared to bipolar, which makes them easier to filter out. The tradeoff is greater complexity because of the required extra input waveform. Good luck.
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Sinusoids
Hepatic macrophages are special phagocytic cells, also called Kupffer cells, that line the sinusoids and remove debris from the blood.
Kupffer cells are specialised macrophages that are found in the sinusoids of the liver.
sinusoids
Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages found in the liver, specifically within the sinusoids, which are specialized blood vessels in the liver. They play a key role in the immune system by removing debris, pathogens, and other foreign particles from the blood passing through the liver.
yes
The liver contains lobules with sinusoids that lead to a central vein called the central vein or hepatic vein. Each lobule is made up of hepatic cells (hepatocytes) arranged around a central vein, which functions to drain blood from the sinusoids in the lobule.
Macrophages that do not move, they are attached to wide blood vessels (sinuses or sinusoids).
Kupffer cells
maternal sinusoids
Macrophages that do not move, they are attached to wide blood vessels (sinuses or sinusoids).
In the liver from hepatocytes (liver cells) in to the Hepatic sinusoids.