So there are more possibility to fit the wrench.
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Antique bolts were square but you had to turn the bolt one fourth of a turn to get the next grip on it. With six sides you only need to turn it 60 degrees to get a new grip.
The hexagonal head is easy for a spanner/wrench to get a firm hold on.
To design a hexagonal nut and bolt from a hexagonal or round bar, your answer depends on whether you are using English or Metric. For metric, you will use millimeters. For English, you will inches.
This is a screw with head 6-point star-shaped pattern (in the same way that slotted heads, Phillips, hex socket, and Robertson have linear, cruciform, hexagonal, and square tips, respectively).
The grip length of a bolt is the distance from the head of the bolt to the nut or where the threads start.
a hex bolt is bolt having six face head operated by spanner. an allen bolt is bolt having a six face groove in the head and operated by a special type of L shape key called allen key.