To use the Pythagorean theorem (which is "a squared + b squared = c squared") you must take the two legs (smaller sides) in a right triangle (a and b), square each, and add them to each other (a squared + b squared). Then, you take the sum (which is c squared) and find the square root, then you are left with the hypotenuse - your answer. This works in reverse to find the legs as well.
a(2) and b(2) will be either side of a right angle of a triangle. C(2) is the long diagonal slope that joins the end of a(2) and c(2) to make a triangle.
for example:
If a(2) is 4cm long and b(2) is 5cm long this will be the equation to solve the length of c(2)
a(2) + b(2) = c(2)
4(2) + 5(2) = c(2)
16 + 25 = c(2)
41 = c(2) You get 41 by adding 16 & 25 and then you find the square root of 41 which is 6.40312
So the length of c is 6.40312 cm
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You can use pythagorean theorem twice to find the diagonal of a cube
pythagorean theorem was named from a greek mathemition called pythagorus (I think that's how you spell it)
The difference in the distance formula and the pythagorean theorem is that the distance formula finds the distance between two points while the pythagorean theorem usually finds the hypotenuse of a right triangle.
Pythagoras
Pythagorean theorem