Midpoint- a point that divides a line segment into two equal parts
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Scales or balances.
For example, if you want to travel from Phoenix to Dallas and you want to split the driving into two days, you would find a "midpoint" (i.e. city roughly in the middle of those two).
The Equator is a real world example, being the circumference of the Earth.
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If you are only given one endpoint and a midpoint, you know what the middle of the line segment is. Since the midpoint is half of what the line segment's length is, all you have to do is find the distance between the endpoint given and the midpoint, then add that coordinate to your midpoint and get your other endpoint. For example: Endpoint A: (4,5) Midpoint: (6,8) Distance between: (2,3) Add (2,3) to (6,8) and get Endpoint B: (8,11).