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The Bureau of Land Management of this department manages over 300 million acres of public lands?
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Where can I find reviews of commercial roofing contractors servicing my area.?
You can find many trustworthy companies at bbb.org which is the Better Business Bureau website. There you can search for the type of business you are looking for in your area and trust that they are a company with great reviews.
What was Adrien-Marie Legendre's contribution to geometry?
Adrien-Marie Legendre was born in Paris (or possibly, in Toulouse, depending on sources) on 18 September 1752 to a wealthy family. He was given an excellent education at the Collège Mazarin in Paris, defending his thesis in physics and mathematics in 1770. From 1775 to 1780 he taught at the École Militaire in Paris, and from 1795 at the École Normale, and was associated with the Bureau des longitudes. In 1782, he won the prize offered by the Berlin Academy for his treatise on projectiles in resistant media, which brought him to the attention of Lagrange.In 1783 he became an adjoint of the Académie des Sciences, and an associé in 1785. In 1789 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.[2]During the French Revolution, in 1793, he lost his private fortune, but was able to put his affairs in order with the help of his wife, Marguerite-Claudine Couhin, whom he married in the same year. In 1795 he became one of the six members of the mathematics section of the reconstituted Académie des Sciences, named the Institut National des Sciences et des Arts, and later, in 1803, of the Geometry section as reorganized under Napoleon. In 1824, as a result of refusing to vote for the government candidate at the Institut National, Legendre was deprived by the Ministre de L'Intérieur of the ultraroyalist government, the comte de Corbière, of his pension from the École Militaire, where he had served from 1799 to 1815 as mathematics examiner for graduating artillery students. This was partially reinstated with the change in government in 1828 and in 1831 he was made an officer of the Légion d'Honneur.He died in Paris on 9 January 1833, after a long and painful illness. Legendre's widow made a cult of his memory, carefully preserving his belongings. Upon her death in 1856, she left their last country house to the village of Auteuil where the couple had lived and are buried.His name is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower.
What s a three dimensional representation of a landform called?
Jump to: navigation, searchNot to be confused with topology or typography.This article is about the study of Earth's surface shape and features. For discussion of land surfaces themselves, see Terrain. For other uses, see Topography (disambiguation).This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2010) A topographic map with contour intervalsTopography (from Greek τόπος topos, "place", and γράφω graphō, "write") is a field of planetary science comprising the study of surface shape and features of the Earth and other observable astronomical objects including planets, moons, and asteroids. It is also the description of such surface shapes and features (especially their depiction in maps).The topography of an area can also mean the surface shape and features themselves.In a broader sense, topography is concerned with local detail in general, including not only relief but also vegetative and artificial features, and even local history and culture. This meaning is less common in America, where topographic maps with elevation contours have made "topography" synonymous with relief. The older sense of topography as the study of place still has currency in Europe.For the purposes of this article, topography specifically involves the recording of relief or terrain, the three-dimensional quality of the surface, and the identification of specific landforms. This is also known as geomorphometry. In modern usage, this involves generation of elevation data in electronic form. It is often considered to include the graphic representation of the landform on a map by a variety of techniques, including contour lines, Hypsometric tints, and relief shading.[1][2][3]Contents[hide] 1 Etymology2 Objectives3 Techniques of topography 3.1 Direct survey3.2 Remote sensing 3.2.1 Aerial and satellite imagery3.2.2 Photogrammetry3.2.3 Radar and sonar4 Forms of topographic data 4.1 Raw survey data4.2 Remote sensing data4.3 Topographic mapping4.4 Digital elevation modeling4.5 Topological modeling5 Topography in other fields6 See also7 ReferencesEtymologyThe term topography originated in ancient Greece and continued in ancient Rome, as the detailed description of a place. The word comes from the Greek words τόπος (topos, place) and γραφία (graphia, writing).[4] In classical literature this refers to writing about a place or places, what is now largely called 'local history'. In Britain and in Europe in general, the word topography is still sometimes used in its original sense.[5] Detailed military surveys in Britain (beginning in the late eighteenth century) were called Ordnance Surveys, and this term was used into the 20th century as generic for topographic surveys and maps.[6] The earliest scientific surveys in France were called the Cassini maps after the family who produced them over four generations.[citation needed] The term "topographic surveys" appears to be American in origin. The earliest detailed surveys in the United States were made by the "Topographical Bureau of the Army," formed during the War of 1812,.[7] which became the Corps of Topographical Engineers in 1838.[8] After the work of national mapping was assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in 1878, the term topographical remained as a general term for detailed surveys and mapping programs, and has been adopted by most other nations as standard.In the 20th century, the term topography started to be used to describe surface description in other fields where mapping in a broader sense is used, particularly in medical fields such as neurology.ObjectivesAn objective of topography is to determine the position of any feature or more generally any point in terms of both a horizontal coordinate system such as latitude, longitude, and altitude. Identifying (naming) features and recognizing typical landform patterns are also part of the field. A topographic study may be made for a variety of reasons: military planning and geological exploration have been primary motivators to start survey programs, but detailed information about terrain and surface features is essential for the planning and construction of any major civil engineering, public works, or reclamation projects.Techniques of topographyThere are a variety of approaches to studying topography. Which method(s) to use depend on the scale and size of the area under study, its accessibility, and the quality of existing surveys. Direct surveyA surveying point in Germany Main article: SurveyingSurveying helps determine accurately the terrestrial or three-dimensional space position of points and the distances and angles between them using leveling instruments such as theodolites, dumpy levels and clinometers.Even though remote sensing has greatly sped up the process of gathering information, and has allowed greater accuracy control over long distances, the direct survey still provides the basic control points and framework for all topographic work, whether manual or GIS-based.In areas where there has been an extensive direct survey and mapping program (most of Europe and the Continental US, for example), the compiled data forms the basis of basic digital elevation datasets such as USGS DEM data. This data must often be "cleaned" to eliminate discrepancies between surveys, but it still forms a valuable set of information for large-scale analysis.The original American topographic surveys (or the British "Ordnance" surveys) involved not only recording of relief, but identification of landmark features and vegetative land cover.Remote sensingMain article: Remote sensing Remote sensing is a general term for geodata collection at a distance from the subject area.Aerial and satellite imageryMain article: Aerial photography Main article: Satellite imageryBesides their role in photogrammetry, aerial and satellite imagery can be used to identify and delineate terrain features and more general land-cover features. Certainly they have become more and more a part of geovisualization, whether maps or GIS systems. False-color and non-visible spectra imaging can also help determine the lie of the land by delineating vegetation and other land-use information more clearly. Images can be in visible colours and in other spectrumPhotogrammetryMain article: Photogrammetry Photogrammetry is a measurement technique for which the co-ordinates of the points in 3D of an object are determined by the measurements made in two photographic images (or more) taken starting from different positions, usually from different passes of an aerial photography flight. In this technique, the common points are identified on each image. A line of sight (or ray) can be built from the camera location to the point on the object. It is the intersection of its rays (triangulation) which determines the relative three-dimensional position of the point. Known control points can be used to give these relative positions absolute values. More sophisticated algorithms can exploit other information on the scene known a priori (for example, symmetries in certain cases allowing the rebuilding of three-dimensional co-ordinates starting from one only position of the camera).Radar and sonarSatellite radar mapping is one of the major techniques of generating Digital Elevation Models (see below). Similar techniques are applied in bathymetric surveys using sonar to determine the terrain of the ocean floor. In recent years, LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a remote sensing technique using a laser instead of radio waves, has increasingly been employed for complex mapping needs such as charting canopies and monitoring glaciers.Forms of topographic dataTerrain is commonly modelled either using vector (triangulated irregular network or TIN) or gridded (Raster image) mathematical models. In the most applications in environmental sciences, land surface is represented and modelled using gridded models. In civil engineering and entertainment businesses, the most representations of land surface employ some variant of TIN models. In geostatistics, land surface is commonly modelled as a combination of the two signals - the smooth (spatially correlated) and the rough (noise) signal. In practice, surveyors first sample heights in an area, then use these to produce a Digital Land Surface Model (also known as a digital elevation model). The DLSM can then be used to visualize terrain, drape remote sensing images, quantify ecological properties of a surface or extract land surface objects. Note that the contour data or any other sampled elevation datasets are not a DLSM. A DLSM implies that elevation is available continuously at each location in the study area, i.e. that the map represents a complete surface. Digital Land Surface Models should not be confused with Digital Surface Models, which can be surfaces of the canopy, buildings and similar objects. For example, in the case of surface models produces using the LIDAR technology, one can have several surfaces - starting from the top of the canopy to the actual solid earth. The difference between the two surface models can then be used to derive volumetric measures (height of trees etc.).Raw survey dataTopographic survey information is historically based upon the notes of surveyors. They may derive naming and cultural information from other local sources (for example, boundary delineation may be derived from local cadastral mapping. While of historical interest, these field notes inherently include errors and contradictions that later stages in map production resolve. Remote sensing dataAs with field notes, remote sensing data (aerial and satellite photography, for example), is raw and uninterpreted. It may contain holes (due to cloud cover for example) or inconsistencies (due to the timing of specific image captures). Most modern topographic mapping includes a large component of remotely sensed data in its compilation process. Topographic mappingMain article: Topographic map A map of Europe using elevation modelingIn its contemporary definition, topographic mapping shows relief. In the United States, USGS topographic maps show relief using contour lines. The USGS calls maps based on topographic surveys, but without contours, "planimetric maps."These maps show not only the contours, but also any significant streams or other bodies of water, forest cover, built-up areas or individual buildings (depending on scale), and other features and points of interest.While not officially "topographic" maps, the national surveys of other nations share many of the same features, and so they are often generally called "topographic maps."Existing topographic survey maps, because of their comprehensive and encyclopedic coverage, form the basis for much derived topographic work. Digital Elevation Models, for example, have often been created not from new remote sensing data but from existing paper topographic maps. Many government and private publishers use the artwork (especially the contour lines) from existing topographic map sheets as the basis for their own specialized or updated topographic maps[9]Topographic mapping should not be confused with Geologic mapping. The latter is concerned with underlying structures and processes to the surface, rather than with identifiable surface features.Digital elevation modelingMain article: Digital elevation model Relief map: Sierra Nevada Mountains, Spain3D rendering of a DEM used for the topography of MarsThe digital elevation model (DEM) is a raster-based digital dataset of the topography (hypsometry and/or bathymetry) of all or part of the Earth (or a telluric planet). The pixels of the dataset are each assigned an elevation value, and a header portion of the dataset defines the area of coverage, the units each pixel covers, and the units of elevation (and the zero-point). DEMs may be derived from existing paper maps and survey data, or they may be generated from new satellite or other remotely-sensed radar or sonar data.Topological modelingA geographic information system (GIS) can recognize and analyze the spatial relationships that exist within digitally stored spatial data. These topological relationships allow complex spatial modelling and analysis to be performed. Topological relationships between geometric entities traditionally include adjacency (what adjoins what), containment (what encloses what), and proximity (how close something is to something else). reconstitute a sight in synthesized images of the ground,determine a trajectory of overflight of the ground,calculate surfaces or volumes,trace topographic profiles,Topography in other fieldsTopography has been applied to different science fields. In neuroscience, the neuroimaging discipline uses techniques such as EEG topography for brain mapping. In ophthalmology, corneal topography is used as a technique for mapping the surface curvature of the cornea. Topography of thoracic and abdominal viscera. In human anatomy, topography is superficial human anatomy.In mathematics the concept of topography is used to indicate the patterns or general organization of features on a map or as a term referring to the pattern in which variables (or their values) are distributed in a space.See alsoAtlas portalCartographyGeomorphologyHypsographyTopographic mapsReferences^ What is topography? - Center for Geographic Information^ Definition from WordNet Search - princeton.edu^ Definition from Federal Citizen Information Center - pueblo.gsa.gov^ Online Etymology Dictionary - etymonline.com^ For example, see the website of the London Topographical Society^ Oxford English Dictionary "Ordnance Survey"^ Topographical Engineers - History and Personnel^ Charting the Inland Seas: A History of the U.S. Lake Survey, Arthur M. Woodford, 1991^ see for example the publications of National Geographic Trails Illustrated Maps and DeLorme products[hide]vteAtlasAtlasCartographyGeographyMapMap projectionTopographyEarly world mapsHistory of cartographyList of cartographersCartogramChoropleth mapGeologic mapLinguistic mapNautical chartPictorial mapsThematic mapTopographic mapWeather mapFind a map by geographic area or type
What department manages US coins?
Coin production is handled by the Bureau of the Mint, which is part of the Treasury Department. Paper money is under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. It's also part of the Treasury Department but is completely separate from the Mint.
Where can you get information about wild horses?
Contact the Bureau of Land Management (US Government) Manages wild horse populations in the USA
Who manages the federal reserve?
The United States Treasury Department. All money Is printed by a subsidiary called the Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
All US coins are manufactured by the bureau of the mint under the management of this department?
treasury
All U.S. coins are manufactured by the Bureau of the Mint under the management of this department.?
Treasury
Does public domain land exist in the US?
Public domain land is land that is not privately owned and not under state or municipal ownership. The Bureau of Land Management within the United States Department of the Interior manages and administers America's public lands. That includes over 247 million acres of land mostly in the Western states and includes natural, cultural and national heritage sites. The bureau maintains and manages the lands for the use and enjoyment of the public. It regulates activities such as camping, biking, shooting, hiking, fishing, boating, etc. It regulates mining, logging, oil leases and other such activity.
What does BLM stand for?
bureau land managementBLM stands for Bureau of Land Management, an office within the U.S. Department of the Interior.
When was Bureau of Land Management created?
Bureau of Land Management was created in 1946.
What should be capitalized in a bureau of the Department of the Interior?
you should write...Bureau of the Department of the Interior.
What is the budget of Bureau of Land Management?
The budget of Bureau of Land Management is 960,000,000 dollars.
How many acres of Indian Reservation land in the US?
The Bureau of Indian Affairs administers and manages 55.7 million acres of land in behalf of American Indians, Indian Tribes and Alaskan natives.
What department operates the Bureau of Mines?
The Bureau of Mines was closed by the government in early 1996. There is no department that operates it at this point. When it was operating, it was a part of the federal government.Interiorinterior :)
