Thermocouple is made up with the junction of two different metals(e.g. antimony and bismuth). This is the device used to measure the temperature due to the fact that when two junctions are placed at different temperature a potential difference developed (thus electrical signal) which is proportional to the difference in the temperature of the two junction. This is very sensitive device.
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Both are used to measure temperature, but by different means. A liquid based thermometer uses the expansion of a liquid with temperature to indicate the temperature, while a thermocouple uses electrical differentials at the junctions of dissimilar metals to do so. So in the case of the liquid thermometer the reading is position of a liquid in a tube, and in the case of a thermocouple it is a voltage measured with a voltmeter. Thermocouples may be better suited to measuring extreme temperatures.
the thermometer was invented in 1708 .
temperature
thermometer
Body temperature is typically measured using a thermometer. The most accurate methods for obtaining this measurement include using a digital thermometer orally, rectally, or under the armpit. Other accurate methods include using an infrared ear thermometer or a temporal artery thermometer.