Ptolemy
Aristotle came first, followed by Ptolemy, then Copernicus and Galileo. Other important players in the story after them were Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton.
Galileo explained the backwatds motion of the planets
No, it was Copernicus who developed that view. Galileo agreed with it, however.
Luther, Pythagoras, Socrates, Jesus, Galileo, Copernicus, Newton, Poe, Shakespeare, Freud, Ghandi, Einstein, and J.D. Salinger.........to name a few.
Ptolemy
Aristotle came first, followed by Ptolemy, then Copernicus and Galileo. Other important players in the story after them were Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton.
Nicholas Copernicus and Galileo
Ptolemy proposed a geocentric model, with Earth at the center and planets orbiting it. Copernicus suggested a heliocentric model, with the Sun at the center of the solar system. Galileo's telescopic observations supported the heliocentric model and provided evidence for Copernicus' theory.
Claudius Ptolemy wrote the first book of astronomy
Copernicus and Galileo were two major figures whose ideas contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of the solar system, while Galileo used observations through a telescope to support this view and challenge Ptolemaic beliefs.
Aristotle believed in a geocentric model, with Earth at the center of the universe. Ptolemy further developed this idea with his geocentric model that included epicycles to explain planetary motion. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model, with the Sun at the center of the solar system, challenging the geocentric view. Galileo's observations with a telescope provided evidence to support Copernicus's heliocentric model, leading to the acceptance of the heliocentric theory over the geocentric view.
Scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei developed ideas that contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model of the universe. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center, while Galileo's observations through a telescope supported this idea, leading to the eventual acceptance of the heliocentric model.
Everybody from Ptolemy up to about 1690, with a few exceptions like Copernicus and Galileo and Kepler.
copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus disagreed with his theory, Copernicus belived that Ptolemy's view was to complicated.
Nicolaus Copernicus is known for proposing the heliocentric model, placing the Sun at the center of the solar system. Galileo Galilei made significant advancements in observational astronomy, such as discovering Jupiter's moons and observing sunspots, supporting Copernicus's heliocentric model.