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The idea of vertical integration was introduced by Andrew Carnegie.
Virtual Integration is to have control on the departments or businesses in the chain without owning them.where, Vertical Integration is like owning the departments or businesses in the chain.
Vertical integration and horizontal integration :D
Vertical integration is the merging of companies at different stages of production that aide in making one product. For example, if you wanted to use vertical integration to make a bottle of side, you would buy the company that made the glass for the bottles, the company that makes the bottle caps, the company that makes the labels ect. Carnegie and Rockefeller used this with their respective companies which were steel production and oil