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A function describes the relationship between two or more variables. A graph is a kind of visual representation of one or more function. A line or curve seen on a graph is called the graph of a function. * * * * * For any point in the domain, a function can map to only ine point in the range or codomain. In simpler terms, it means that (for a two dimensional graph), a vertical line can intersect the graph of the function in at most one point.
No vertical line will intersect the graph in more than one point. The fundamental flaw is that no graph can show that it does not happen beyond the domain of the graph.
The test is: If you were to draw a vertical line through every point in the domain (every x-value that is allowed), would it intersect the graph in exactly one point? Rather than draw lines, you could just slide a ruler, keeping it parallel to the vertical (y) axis. If no intersection, then it is not a function because there is a point in the domain which has no image in the range. If more than one intersection, then it is not a function because there is a point in the domain that is mapped to more than one value in the range.
The domain consists of all values of x for which there is a point on the graph. Similarly, the range applies to all the y values.
A relationship is a function if every element in the domain is mapped onto only one element in the codomain (range). In graph terms, it means that any line parallel to the vertical axis can meet the graph in at most one point.