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A residual is defined in the context of some "expected" value. There is no information in the question regarding expected values.
A very confusing question. I suggest that the answer is a derivative.But I would have expected that someone old enough to be studying differential calculus could string together a proper question!A very confusing question. I suggest that the answer is a derivative.But I would have expected that someone old enough to be studying differential calculus could string together a proper question!A very confusing question. I suggest that the answer is a derivative.But I would have expected that someone old enough to be studying differential calculus could string together a proper question!A very confusing question. I suggest that the answer is a derivative.But I would have expected that someone old enough to be studying differential calculus could string together a proper question!
You need to know the probability of the event in question. Then the expected frequency for that event occurring is that probability times the number of times the experiment was repeated.
How many usually starts a question where you are expected to provide a total.
A valid question is one that: a) has relevance and some degree of connectivity to the topic b) is logicall consistent (ie should have only one unambiguouis interpretation). c) can be expected to have an answer that is realistic (ie. is known or can be known, eg with further research) d) may have multiple answers but these should be testable (ie. evidence based). Multiple answers will probably result from imprecision in defining the question. Eg. different people may have different answers to the swame question if they have different experiences and different points of view.