That is the law of constant composition.
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They do combine in whole number ratios, but these ratios need not be simple - particularly in some organic compounds.
By saying Avogadro's number of atoms, you are saying one mole (or 6.02 × 1023 atoms). And one mole of any elements is its atomic mass. Phosphorus' atomic mass is 31.0 grams
A chemical formula gives the number ratio of the different kinds of atoms present in the compound. This means that the ratios are the same if you count in individual atoms, dozens of atoms, or molecules of atoms.
Same =number of protons Different =number of neutrons (also the number of electrons outside the nucleus will be the same).
Atoms: smallest unit of an element. Molecule: smallest unit of a compound., combination of atoms of the same or different elements., a group of atoms chemically bonded together. Both: divisible by chemical or nuclear means, smallest unit that can be isolated through physical changes.