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The constant is the number; the variable is the letter.
Such a number is called a "constant". If the number appears in front of a variable, it is sometimes called a "coefficient".
constant
Yes, you can add or subtract a number with a variable and a number without one, but they cannot be combined into a single term. For example, you can simplify the expression (3x + 5) to show that it consists of a variable term (3x) and a constant term (5), but they remain separate. The result is (3x + 5), not a single term.
Constant