Just like demical numbers follow a power rule: (5 x 10^1)+(0 x 10^0) = 50
Binary numbers have similar rules using 2's instead of 10's. The representation of 110010 would be (1 x 2^5)+(1 x 2^4)+(0 x 2^3)+(0 x 2^2)+(1 x 2^1)+(0 x 2^0); which is 32+16+0+0+2+0=50.
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50 base 10 = 110010 base 2
32 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 0: 110010
An easy way is to convert them to decimal, subtract, then convert the answer back to binary.
1111111010 = octal 1772
Because multiplication is a binary operation that is defined so that it is valid for all numbers.