Any mapping in which
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Not every relation is a function. But every function is a relation. Function is just a part of relation.
A function is a relation whose mapping is a bijection.
No. A relation is not a special type of function.
You use the "vertical line test". If anywhere you can draw a vertical line that goes through two points of the graph, the relation is not a function; otherwise, it is a function. This is just another way of saying that in a function for every x value (input) there is AT MOST one y value (output).
Good question. A relation is simply that; any x-value to create any y-value. A function, however, cannot be defined for multiple values of x. In other words, for a relation to be a function, it must have singular values for all x within its domain.