In exponential notation, a number like one trillion (1,000,000,000,000) can be written as 1012. That's more efficient.
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Scientific notation is a way to write very large or very small numbers using exponents. For example 2000 is 2x103 . We can do the same thing with negative exponents and write very small numbers like 1/2000 which is 2x10-3 . So one real life use of exponents in in scientific notation.
Base, power, answer
First you separate it into prime factors (start looking for small factors, such as 2, 3, 5). Then, you combine the factors with exponents.
You give them exponents. For example 5 becomes a power when it is 5 to the 3rd power (5^3).
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