Tip means "To Insure Promptness." Tipping is different in different parts of the world and varies by level of service given. Sales taxes are different in different parts of the world. Then use algebra to determine how much to add to the bill.
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The discount must be calculated first to get the base price of the item, then the tax percentage would be taken into consideration, otherwise you would be charging additional tax on an item which should be discounted in the first place. If you were to calculate tax first then the discount price, your total would be incorrect.
To find tax- you would multiply the tax rate by the amount you would own to get the amount of tax. If tax was 7% and you owed $15.23 (Just came up with a random amount) Then you would multiply $15.23 by .07 and you would get $1.0661 so that would round to $1.07. With tips you would do the same thing if you wanted to leave a 15% tip then you would multiply the amount by .15. And with discounts-if you have a 25% discount on a $30 sweater then you would multiply $30 by .25 and then subtract that from $30
The only practical reason to calculate the discount is as an intermediate step in determining the new price.
The quickest way is to multiply the full price by 0.2 That is the amount of the discount.
Start with the bill without sales taxes. Divide by 5. That's a 20% tip. You can also take the pre-tax number, move the decimal point one position to the left and divide by 2. Same result.