if it's square root is an integer, it is a square number.
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You can tell whether a number is a square number by looking at the last digit. A perfect square number ends with either 1, 4, 5, 6, 9 or 00.
Try it out. Take the square root on a calculator, and see whether you get a whole number.
45
See whether the number is divisible by 2, and by all odd numbers up to the square root of the number. For numbers up to 100, it is enough to check the factors 2, 3, 5, and 7. For higher numbers you need to check more factors. For very large numbers (for example, hundreds of digits), more efficient methods are known, but those methods are also more complicated.
To check if your number is a square number, draw little dots. like, for 4 it will 2 dots by 2 dots. if this doesn't work equally, it is not a square number.