A prime only has itself and 1 as factors.
If you can divide another number besides 1 and itself, then you know the number isn't prime.
A way to do a prime test by hand is to test if the number is divisible by any prime numbers between 1 and the number's square root.
For example, if you want to see if 337 is a Prime number, you first take its square root (= 18.36). Now check if 337 is divisible by any prime number between 1 and 19: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17. You will see none of them are possible without fractions, therefore 337 is a prime number.
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Find a prime number, add 2 to the number. Check if the new number is prime. IE : 3 is prime. 3+2 =5. 5 is prime. (3,5) are twin primes.
29 is a prime number, meaning it has no smaller factors. For any number up to 120, to check whether it is prime or not, it is sufficient to check whether it is divisible by the first four prime numbers (2, 3, 5 and 7).
You just have to work out it,take each number below it and check whether it is prime or not.
It is 29 because 29*23 = 667
You can write out this algorithm. This will then be programmed into the device to make determining prime numbers easier.