A function relationship between two or more variables, inputs and outputs, where each and every value input has a uniqueoutput.
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mathematics is a hard subject and that's all
A number or shape in a pattern.
Cumulative Mass Function
You can imagine a machine that can manufacture some given materials and then can output the materials(of course the materials themselves doesn't change)in some other shapes.That is what a function in mathematics do.You give a point or a number for f(x),then you will get y,which y=f(x).Take f(x)=5x,for example ,if you make x=2,then you will get y=10.you can imagine that the function make a change for the number you put. Actually,when we learn further about Mathematics ,we doesn't take much consideration on the definition of a function but the properties of it such as differentiation .also ,you can define the function as a map.Here ,I'm giving you some intuitive explains,hope it will help you!
Rationality in mathematics is when a number is being expressed exactly by a ratio of two integers.