Variables work by telling you what you need to change, what to observe, and what to keep the same in a experiment.
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They are the same. These are names for the variables in an experiment that are controlled by the experimenter, as opposed to the output variables, the results you collect at the end of the experiment Hope this helped!
These "variables" are called independent variables or constant variables meaning that they are capable of being changed by the experimenter but are intentionally held the same through each individual experiment.
Independent variables are variables that can be changed in an experiment, while dependent variables are variables that change as a result of an experiment. In other words, independent variables are what you change, and dependent variables are the results of the experiment.
It is easier to control independent variables
As few as possible.