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Y is the second number in a set of ordered pairs.
Assume we want to find the ordered pair after 90° counterclockwise rotation. From (x,y), we have (-y,x). If we want to find the ordered pair after 90° clockwise rotation, then from (x,y) we have (y, -x)
If you are talking about the things in the perentheses, (5,-9), they are called ordered pairs. Ordered pairs help you find a location on a coordinate graph.
Y2-y1 x2-x1
f(2) = -2 + 12 = 10 so the ordered pair is (-2, 10).