I assume you are talking about equivalent *to another ratio*. Equivalence means that two (or more) things mean pretty much the same thing. For ratios to be equivalent, that would mean that when they are reduced (by factoring out any common multiples of the numerator [top part] and denominator [bottom part]) they become the same ratio.
Case in point:
1/2 is equivalent to 2/4 (which is 1/2 when you factor out a 2 from the numerator and denominator.) 1/3 is equivalent to 3/9 (which is also 1/3 when you factor out the 3 from the numerator and denominator.)
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Find an equivalent ratio to 3/5.
multiply by 2
If you have one ratio then multiply both numbers of the ratio, x:y (or x/y), by any non-zero number. You will have an equivalent ratio.
2 and 4 is one of them
Pick any non-zero integer, n. Then A*n and B*n are an equivalent ratio.