Instead of writing 4 x 4 x 4 = 64 you can write it in exponent form, thus: 43 and get the same answer of 64
If you see 54 it is the same as 5 x 5 x 5 x 5 = 625
(Don't assume that 54 is 5 x 4 = 20 - big difference!)
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you do not do anything when you add numbers with exponents. you just figure out the answer. it is only if you multiply numbers with exponents, where you add the exponents..
Fractional exponents follow the same rules as integral exponents. Integral exponents are numbers raised to an integer power.
Add the exponents
The laws of exponents work the same with rational exponents, the difference being they use fractions not integers.
When multiplying numbers with exponents, you add the exponents.