How is acceleration measured?

Answer 1

There are two ways to interpret your question. If you want to know the units of measurement used to measure acceleration, that would normally be meters per second per second, in a scientific context, although in other contexts it could be miles per hour per second, or various other units. If you want to know how the measurement is actually made, there are various ways, but a convenient method would be to take a motion picture of a moving object, which allows you to measure its position at any given time; you can then graph location vs. time, and the shape of the graph will suggest an appropriate equation that would describe the acceleration. Then, additional measurements can be used to either confirm or reject the proposed equation. There is a lot of math involved; acceleration is analysed with differential calculus. But it does start just by measuring the position of an object at various different times.