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How do emission and absorption spectrums tell us about the composition of objects in our universe?

Each chemical element has a specific emission or absorption spectrum.


When is atomic absorption more sensitive than atomic emission in atomic absorption spectrometers?

Atomic absorption is more sensitive to atomic emission when the excitation potential is greater than 3.5eV.


What is the difference between emission and absorption?

Emission is the process where an object releases energy (such as light) while absorption is the process where an object takes in energy (such as light). In emission, energy is being emitted from the object, whereas in absorption, energy is being absorbed by the object.


What are the strenghts of atomic absorption spectrometry compared to atomic emission spectrometry?

Atomic absorption spectrometry is more sensitive than atomic emission spectrometry.


How does the number of lines in the emission spectrum for an element compare with the number of lines in the absorption spectrum?

The number of lines in the emission spectrum is the same as in the absorption spectrum for a given element. The difference lies in the intensity of these lines; in emission, they represent light being emitted, while in absorption, they represent light being absorbed.


What are the types of spectrometer?

The main types of spectrometers are absorption, emission, fluorescence, and mass spectrometers. Absorption spectrometers measure the absorption of light by a sample, emission spectrometers measure the emission of light by a sample, fluorescence spectrometers measure the fluorescence emitted by a sample, and mass spectrometers separate and measure ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.


What is the significance of Einstein's A and B coefficients?

Einstein introduces A and B coefficients to describe spontaneous emission and induced absorption and emission.


What are the similarities between emission and absorption spectra?

The lines are at the same frequencies


What is calorescence?

Calorescence is the absorption of infrared radiation and emission of visible light.


Why does atomic absorption spectroscopy often have a low detection limit that atomic emission spectroscopy?

Atomic absorption spectroscopy typically has a lower detection limit compared to atomic emission spectroscopy because it measures the amount of light absorbed by atoms in a sample, which is more sensitive at low concentrations. Atomic emission spectroscopy, on the other hand, measures the intensity of light emitted by atoms, which can be affected by background noise and matrix effects, leading to a higher detection limit.


What does a photon do in the process of light absorption and emission?

A photon is a tiny particle of light that is absorbed by an atom or molecule during the process of light absorption. This absorption causes the atom or molecule to become excited, leading to the emission of a new photon when the atom or molecule returns to its original state.


Describe experiments to investigate the factors on which absorption and emission of radiation depend?

One experiment could involve varying the material of the absorbing/emitting surface while keeping all other factors constant, to determine the effect of material type on absorption and emission. Another experiment could involve changing the temperature of the surface and observing how it affects the absorption and emission spectra. Additionally, one could vary the intensity or wavelength of the incoming radiation and measure the corresponding absorption and emission characteristics to study their dependence on these factors.