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it is not a line segment
You measure it.
The diagonal joins two non-adjacent vertices in a rectangle.
IF it is assumed that the area in question is a rectangle, then the longest line segment that will fit in it is the diagonal. Then, by Pythagoras's Theorem, its length will be sqrt(272 + 212) = 34.21 cm (approx.)However, if it not a rectangle, all bets are off.A parallelogram with sides of 27 and 21 will accommodate a line segment that is a fraction short of 27+21 = 48 cm.
A line segment has two endpoints