Approximately 12, but 12 lunar months are a little less than a solar year. In China, both lunar and solar calendars are used, but the lunar New Year does not fall on the same date of the solar year all the time. Occasionally they have a 13th lunar month to bring them back into alignment.
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The Chinese lunar calendar does not use months, rather divisions. The Chinese lunar calendar has 24 divisions in a year.
Solar year is a measurement of distance instead of time. It is the distance that light travels in one year.
The traditional Jewish year is solar and lunar. It contains twelve lunar months, each month beginning at or very near to the new moon. It is kept in sync with the solar year by adding an extra lunar month every two or three years. It is also divided into days (sundown to sundown) and seven-day weeks. Every seventh year is a Shemittah (see the definition and laws in Leviticus ch.25), and the fiftieth year is a Yovel (ibid).
They didn't have months as such, like periods based on the lunar cycle. Within their year they had periods of about 20 days, which would be the closest idea of a month. There were 18 of these periods, so you could say that they had 18 months in their year.
The "month" was originally invented in an attempt to split the year up intoslices that match the moon's cycle of phases.In one year, the moon goes through its complete cycle of phases 12.368 times.That's closer to 12 than it is to 13. So, even though the system never reallycaught on, 12 months in a year still stay closer to paralleling the moon's changesthan 13 shorter months would.To look at it from a slightly different angle:-- The moon does a complete set of phases every 29.531days.-- 12 months in a year would average 30.44 days each ... 0.91 days long.-- 13 months in a year would average 28.1 days each ... 1.44 days short.The 12 months come closer to tracking the moon's cycle, even though nobodycares any more.You may be interested to know that since there are 12.368 lunar months in a year, if there were 12 lunar months in a year then every 3 years or so there would be the need for an additional month - a kind of lunar Leap month. The Hindu lunar calendar does have several leap days and occasional leap months to allow for the mismatch between the lunar month and the solar year. Unfortunately, the calculations for these additional days and months are not the easiest to understand.