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The volume will be reduced to a half of its original value. If the mass is (approximately) evenly distributed throughout the wooden block then the mass will also reduce to a half of its original value and the density will not change.
12 divided by four = 3 inches.
Cut it in half through its centre. Then cut each half into half. You will have four fourths.
If the cut is parallel to the long dimension, then each piece is 40 inches long, but its width is 1/2 of the original board's width. If the cut is parallel to the short dimension, then the width is preserved, and each piece is 20 inches long. If the cut is parallel to to the flat, then each piece is 40 inches long and has the original width, but is only 1/2 the thickness of the original board.
Yes , a wedge is also an inclined plane because they both are a block of wood cut in half going downward .