In a closed figure of n sides the internal angles total (2n - 4) right angles, so in this case the sum is (12 - 4) x 90 degrees, ie 720 degrees.
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A nonagon. It also has nine sides.
Both, in a way. An octagon gets its name from the word meaning, "eight angles" so an octagon can have eight unequal sides. However, a regular octagon is a closed eight-sided figure with sides of the same length and internal angles of the same size.
a closed plane figure with all sides congruent and all all angles
A triangle cannot have two parallel sides. In order for a figure to be a triangle, it must be a closed figure with three sides and three angles. If two of the sides were parallel, there is no way the figure could be closed by only one other line.
A polygon is a closed figure of three or more sides. A regular polygon is a figure with straight sides, each side of equal length and all internal angles equal to each other. 3 sides = triangle 4 sides = square 5 sides = pentagon 6 sides = hexagon 7 sides = heptagon 8 sides = octagon 9 sides = nonagon 10 sides = decagon