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Armstrong numbers are properly termed pluperfect digital invariant (PPDI) numbers. For an n-digit PPDI, the number is equal to the sum of each of its digits raised to the nth power. For example, for n = 3, there is 153 = 1^3 + 5^3 + 3^3 = 1 + 125 + 27. Incidentally, the mathematician G H Hardy stated that there are only four 3-digit PPDIs. He added that, although amusing, "there is nothing in them which appeals to the mathematician".

Armstrong numbers are apparently named after a computing lecturer at the University of Rochester named Michael F Armstrong. In the mid 1960s he devised Armstrong numbers as an exercise for his students.

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Q: Is the Armstrong number why it is called so?
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