A verb is a "doing word." It is an action that can be performed. For instance, I can shout, so "shout" is a verb. In this case, we have "the number 3." This isn't an action that can be done. You can't the number 3, so it isn't a verb. The number 3 is a noun - a thing.
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Ate is a verb. Eight is a number...
I'm not number one but I sure would lllllllooooooovvvvvvveeeeeee
Multiplies is the verb.
If "the number" is the subject of a sentence or clause, the verb in the same sentence or clause should be singular in form, but if "a number" is the subject of a sentence or clause, the verb in the same sentence or clause should be plural in form. The rationale supporting this rule is that the phrase "the number" implies that only one number is being considered, but "a number" implies that more than one number is likely.
Depending on how it is used a number can be either a verb or an adjective.